Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy Ramsey, William (2003). (Part of a Book Symposium with Ansgar Beckerman, Achim Stephens, and J. Christopher Maloney). 2. 2001 "Precis of Psychoneural Reduction."
(2016) Multiple realizability. Grazer Philosophische Studien 61 (2001): 247-253. The multiple realizability thesis is largely a negative thesis: a physical system realizes a mental state not in virtue of the particular stuff it is made of. Multiple realizability is a notion that grew out of cognitive science in the 1950's.
General Editors: David Bourget (Western Ontario) David Chalmers (ANU, NYU) Area Editors: David Bourget Gwen Bradford Physicalism is closely related to materialism. Multiple Realizability In the philosophy of mind, multiple realizability is the contention that a given mental kind (property, state, event) is realized by distinct physical kinds. The classic example (presented below) is pain: a wide variety of physical states and events, sharing nothing in common at that level of description, can presumably realize the same pain state. edition, ed. Editorial team. Definition of physicalism.
A computer software program can run on very different machines - as long as the program conforms to basic computing principles, such as those described by Alan Turing's Universal Computing Machine.
Must a theory of quantum gravity have some truth to it if it can recover general relativity in some limit of the theory?
This is a file in the archives of the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford University. 1. The word "physicalism" was introduced into philosophy in the 1930s by Otto Neurath and Rudolf Carnap.. Philosophers of mind have used multiple realizability to argue that mental states are not the same as — and cannot be reduced to — physical states.
Hilary Whitehall Putnam (/ ˈ p ʌ t n ə m /; July 31, 1926 – March 13, 2016) was an American philosopher, mathematician, and computer scientist, and a major figure in analytic philosophy in the second half of the 20th century. On-line module from the Mind Project: Introduction to Functionalism.
In the philosophy of mind, the multiple realizability thesis contends that a single mental kind (property, state, event) can be realized by many distinct physical kinds. The multiple realizability contention about the mental is that a given psychological kind (like pain) can be realized by many distinct physical kinds: by different brain states in earthly biological pain-bearers, by electronic states in properly programmed digital computers, by green slime states in imagined extraterrestrials, and so on. Karl Popper defined a physical proposition to be one which can at least in theory be denied by observation). Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science. 13) (Optional) Lewis - Mad Pain and Martian Pain (1980).pdf. Functionalism.
Multiple Realizability (John Bickle) [REVISED: May 18, 2020] Changes are prior to June 21, 2020 (Main text, Bibliography) and are available in Summer 2020 Edition.
Both the definition of "physical" and the meaning of physicalism have been debated. Physicalism is a form of ontological monism—a "one substance" view of the nature of reality as opposed to a "two-substance" or "many-substance" view.
In: The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Spring 2016 . The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2016 edition), ed. Type physicalism (also known as reductive materialism, type identity theory, mind–brain identity theory and identity theory of mind) is a physicalist theory, in the philosophy of mind.It asserts that mental events can be grouped into types, and can then be correlated with types of physical events in the brain. Behavior is caused by muscles that contract upon receiving neural impulses, and neural impulses are generated by input from other neurons or from sense organs.
First published Mon Nov 23, 1998; substantive revision Thu Jul 27, 2006. E.N. The multiple realizability thesis about the mental is that a given psychological kind (like pain) can be realized by many distinct physical kinds: brain states in the case of earthly mammals, electronic states in the case of properly programmed digital computers, green slime states in the case of extraterrestrials, and so on.
Bickle, J.
Aizawa, Kenneth, 2007, “ The Biochemistry of Memory Consolidation: A Model System for the Philosophy of Mind ”, Synthese , 155(1): 65–98.
For example, William Bechtel and Jennifer Mundale (1999) argue that neuroscientists use psychological criteria in brain mapping studies. Multiple realizability, in the philosophy of mind, is the thesis that the same mental property, state, or event can be implemented by different physical properties, states, or events. Epiphenomenalism is the view that mental events are caused by physical events in the brain, but have no effects upon any physical events. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Zalta, E. N..
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